Medicines (OTC)
Over-the-Counter (OTC) cough and cold medicines can cause side effects. These side effects can be serious in young children. The risks of using these medicines outweigh any benefits. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends these medicines never be used in young children at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies? After age 6, the medicines are safe to use, if you follow the package instructions. But, it’s easy to treat coughs and colds without these medicines.
Home Remedies:
A good home remedy is safe, cheap, and as helpful as OTC medicines. They are also found in nearly every home. Here are some simple but helpful home treatments.
- Runny Nose: Just suction it or blow it. Teach your child how to blow the nose at age 2 or 3. When your child’s nose runs like a faucet, it’s getting rid of viruses at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies? Allergy medicines (such as Benadryl) do not help the average cold. They are useful only if your child has nasal allergies (hay fever).
- Blocked Nose: Use nasal saline.
- Use saline (salt water) nose drops or spray to loosen up the dried mucus. If you don’t have saline, you can use a few drops of water. Use distilled water, bottled water or boiled tap water.
- Step 1: Put 3 drops in each nostril. If age under 1 year old, use 1 drop.
- Step 2: Blow (or suction) each nostril separately, while closing off the other nostril. Then do other side at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- Step 3: Repeat nose drops and blowing (or suctioning) until the discharge is clear.
- How Often: Do nasal saline rinses when your child can’t breathe through the nose. Limit: If under 1 year old, no more than 4 times per day or before every feeding.
- Saline nose drops or spray can be bought in any drugstore. No prescription is needed.
- Reason for nose drops: Suction or blowing alone can’t remove dried or sticky mucus. Also, babies can’t nurse or drink from a bottle unless the nose is open.
- Other option: use a warm shower to loosen mucus. Breathe in the moist air, then blow (or suction) each nostril at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- For young children, can also use a wet cotton swab to remove sticky mucus.
- There are no drugs that can remove dried mucus from the nose.
- Coughing: Use homemade cough medicines.
- Age 6 months to 1 year. Give warm clear fluids (such as apple juice or lemonade). Dose: 1-2 teaspoons (5-10 mL) four times per day when coughing. Under 3 months, see your child’s doctor. Caution: Do not use honey until 1 year old.
- Age 1 year and older. Use Honey ½ to 1 teaspoon (2 to 5 mL) as needed at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies? It thins the secretions and loosens the cough. If you don’t have honey, you can use corn syrup. Research shows that honey works better than cough syrups to reduce nighttime coughing. Can also offer warm lemonade or herbal teas. Amount: a few ounces (30 mL) each time.
- Age 6 years and older. Use Cough Drops to decrease the tickle in the throat. If you don’t have any, you can use hard candy. Avoid cough drops before 6 years. Reason: risk of choking.
- Coughing fits. The warm mist from a shower can help.
- Fluids: Help your child drink lots of fluids. Staying well hydrated thins the body’s secretions at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies? That makes it easier to cough and blow the nose.
- Humidity: If the air in your home is dry, use a humidifier. Moist air keeps the nose and airway from drying out. Run a warm shower for a while to help put moisture in the air.
Treatment is Not Always Needed:
- If symptoms aren’t bothering your child, they don’t need medicine or any treatment. Many children with a cough or cold are happy, play fine and sleep well at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- When your child coughs, should you use medication or home remedies only if the symptoms are uncomfortable or wake them up? If your child has a cough that is bothering them a lot and is hacking, treat it.
- A fever is beneficial. They should only be treated if they are making your child uncomfortable or slowing them down. Coughs do not experience that till temperatures reach 102° F (39° C) or above. Drugs or Home Treatments? Ibuprofen (Motrin or Advil) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) may be administered. Use to relieve discomfort or a higher fever. Refer to the dose tables.
Summary
If coughs or colds need treatment, home remedies may work better than medicines at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?